The internet and smartphones have become an essential part of our lives today, especially in light of the global pandemic that has killed millions. We use our phones for almost all of our daily tasks. In the past, we would shop at malls, wait in lines at banks, and use travel agencies to plan our trips. But now, we can do all this in the comfort of our homes using smartphones. All of this is possible because of a high-level programming language called Java.
Java: What is it? Java is an object-oriented programming language used in distributed environments on the internet. It is a language of a high level that is also simple to read and comprehend. With it, developers can “write once, run anywhere” (WORA), meaning that the compiled Java code will run on all Java-compatible platforms without the need for recompilation.
The Origins of Java James Gosling and Sun Microsystems invented the Java programming language in 1991. He had a single motto while creating the language: “Write once; run anywhere.” They first named this language Oak because of the oak tree outside Gosling’s office. Later, the name changed to Green, then to Java Coffee, which was named after the coffee from Indonesia, and eventually shortened to Java in 1995.
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What is Java Used For?
Java is widely used in web consoles, GUIs, web and mobile applications, game development, embedded systems, and desktop applications. Apart from these, Java is also used to develop software for devices. It is used not only in computers and mobile devices, but even in electronic devices like televisions, air conditioners, washing machines, and so on. Online registration forms, banking apps, and shopping via the internet are all possible because of Java.
What is Java-Based Upon?
Java is based on C and C++. The first Java compiler was developed by Sun Microsystems and was written in C using some libraries from C++. Java files are converted to bit code format using a compiler that the Java interpreter then executes. Java code runs on Java Virtual Machine (JVM)—the runtime environment.
Versions for Java There are three editions in Java. Programmers can learn any of these editions based on the application they want to make.
Java Standard Edition – Contains core libraries, like java.lang, java.util, etc.
Java Enterprise Edition – Includes Java APIs, like JMS, EJB, JSPs/servlets, etc.
Java Micro Edition – This edition is used to program Java in cell phones, set-top boxes, handhelds, and so on.
The most widely used edition in Java is Java SE (Standard Edition). Java SE encompasses the basics of Java—most applications require Standard Edition.
Java Concept and Features
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Java Concepts
The essential concepts in Java are its object-oriented programming (OOPs) features. OOP simplifies software and application development as well as maintenance by providing some concepts such as:
Object: Object is an element or an entity that has a state and behavior. A dog, for instance, can be thought of as an object that has a color, a breed, and a name. It eats and barks, among other things. Class: A class is a collection of multiple objects. It is a blueprint that can be used to make any number of things. Classes are used to organize code, just like how fruits, vegetables, and clinical products are divided into different sections in a supermarket.
Constructor: Despite its appearance, constructor is not a method. Its name is the same as the class name, and it does not return any value.
Inheritance: Inheritance is the concept where one class acquires the properties and the behaviors of the parent class.
Polymorphism: Polymorphism is the process of performing the same task in different ways. It lets programmers use the same word to mean different things in different contexts.
Abstraction: Abstraction in Java is used to hide internal details and show only the relevant essential details.
Encapsulation: Binding or wrapping code and data together into a single unit (like a capsule) are known as encapsulation. A Java class is an example of encapsulation.
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